ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY STUDIES OF ESCHERICHIA COLI, SALMONELLA SPP, PASTURELLA SPP ISOLATED FROM QUAIL EGG SHELLS IN SOME FARMS IN NIGERIA

ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY STUDIES OF ESCHERICHIA COLI, SALMONELLA SPP, PASTURELLA SPP ISOLATED FROM QUAIL EGG SHELLS IN SOME FARMS IN NIGERIA

ABSTRACT

This study was undertaken to highlight the detection and susceptibility of some bacterial associated with quail eggs. Quail egg shells from some farms in Kaduna State were screened for incidence of Escherichia coli, Salmonella species and Pasturella species using standard microbiological procedure. The isolates were screened for their susceptibility to a panel of ten commonly prescribed antibiotics using disc diffusion method as described by Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute. Conjugation studies and curing experiments were also carried out on resistant bacteria to determine involvement of plasmid in the resistance. Plasmid DNA analysis was also done by using Agarose Gel Electrophoresis. Furthermore, PCR amplification of target resistance genes was also investigated. The results obtained from this study showed that the bacterial isolates i.e Escherichia coli, Salmonella species, Pasturella species from the three study sites were highly prevalent in the investigated quail egg shells. The result of this study indicates that resistance to Penicillin, Bacitracin, Tetracycline, Trimethoprim and erythromycin is relatively high among the farms investigated and their continued usefulness in the treatment of infections of E. coli, Salmonella species and Pasturella species needs be reviewed. All the isolates were found to habour the inck epidemiologic plasmid encoding gene for the blactx-m of extended beta lactamases and the gyrase B gene which code for resistance to quinolones. Plasmid borne resistant genes among bacterial test isolates were present in Mai Doki Agric Limited and Amir heritage farms Kaduna, Nigeria. There should be strict attention to infection control guidelines to learn the spread of resistant organisms when they develop i.e irrational use of antibiotics should be discouraged to restrict antibiotic use to bacterial infections since it encourages development of drug resistance.

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